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OBJECTIVE：To study the composition and contents of flavonoids chemical components in waste material during industrialization of Pueraria thomsonii resources，and to provide reference for comprehensive development and reasonable utilization of the variety. METHODS ：Using“No. 2 Gange”of P. thomsonii from Jiangxi as objects ，UPLC-Q-TOF-MS and HPLC method were adopted to detect the components and contents of flavonoids in the root （with or without cortex ），cortex，flower， fibrous root ，stem，head and dregs （with or without cortex ）of P. thomsonii as well as dry matter of industrial wastewater （with or without cortex ）after precipitation of pueraria powder. RESULTS ：The linearity ，precision，repeatability，stability and recovery of the established method for content determination of 7 flavonoids（puerarin，daidzin，iridoxine-7-O-xylose glucoside ，genistin， iridin，daidzein and kakkalide ）were all in line with the requirements. Totally 12 kinds of flavonoids were identified ，among which the flavonoids in the root ，cortex，stem，fibrous root ，head and dregs of P. thomsonii as well as dry matter of industrial wastewater were the same ，mainly were puerarin ，daidzin，genistein，daidzein and malonyl-daidzein. The flower of P. thomsonii mainly included iridoxine- 7-O-xylose glucoside ，genistin，iridin，kakkalide，6″-O-xylosyldaidzein，but the components as puerarin ， daidzin and its aglycone were not be detected. The content of puerarin in the head of P. thomsonii was the highest （5.765％）. The contents of puerarin in root and dregs of P. thomsonii as well as dry matter of industrial waste-water in samples with cortex were all higher than in corresponding peeled sample. CONCLUSIONS ：The waste material from the industrialization of P. thomsonii resources contains a lot of flavonoids with rich species and high content ，and can be used as an important raw material for obtaining flavonoids such as puerarin.
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OBJECTIVE： To establish a method to determine the contents of rhynchophylline and isorhynchophylline in Uncaria rhynchophylla. METHODS： The separation degree of ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride （C4mimCl） as mobile phase additive was compared with that of mobile phase without additives and with traditional additive triethylamine （which damaged the chromatographic column）. The optimum concentration of C4mimCl was screened and the contents of rhynchophylline and isorhynchophylline in U. rhynchophylla from 4 habitats in Jiangxi province were determined by the newly established method. The determination was performed on Dikmatech Diamonsil Plus C18 column， the mobil phase was acetonitrile-buffer （0.1％ phosphoric acid+3.0 mmol/L C4mimCl）， gradient elution. UV detection wavelength was set at 245 nm and the flow rate was 1 mL/min. Sample size was 10 μL. RESULTS： When mobile phase had no additives or 3.0 mmol/L triethylamine and 3.0 mmol/L C4mimCl were added as additives， the separation of rhynchophylline from the front peak was 1.02， 1.23 and 1.72， and the separation from the back peak was 1.06， 6.00 and 4.25， respectively. The symmetry factors were 0.81， 0.86 and 1.13， respectively. The separation of isorhynchophylline from the front peak was 0.96， 3.89 and 4.05， and the separation from the back peak was 1.02， 2.34 and 2.36， respectively. The symmetry factors were 0.88， 0.81 and 0.96， respectively. The linear range of rhynchophylline and isorhynchophylline were 4.93-157.76 （r＝0.999 9） and 4.98-159.50 μg/mL （r＝1.000）， respectively. The quantitative limits were 0.486 4， 0.793 6 μg/mL， respectively. RSDs of precision， repeatability， stability and durability tests were all less than 5％ （n＝6）. The recovery rates were 102.9％-107.8％ （RSD＝1.7％，n＝6） and 95.4％-106.3％ （RSD＝3.9％，n＝6）， respectively. The content of rhynchophylline and isorhynchophylline in U. rhynchophylla from 4 habitats were 0.758-1.343 and 1.511-1.823 mg/g， respectively. CONCLUSIONS： Addition of C4mimCl into mobile phase can enhance its separation. Established HPLC method is rapid， accurate and reproducible， which can be used for content determination of rhynchophylline and isorhynchophylline in U. rhynchophylla.
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OBJECTIVE： To provide reference for the development and sustainable utilization of TCM industry with regional characteristics. METHODS： Taking Shicheng county of Jiangxi province as an example， field investigation was carried out on Paeoniaceae suffruticosa planting base in the county， a few representative P. suffruticosa planting bases in the county were selected as sample points， and GPS was used to locate and record the location information of sample points. The remote sensing image was automatically extracted by computer， the artificial visual interpretation method was used to get P. suffruticosa planting area image. Then combined with the field inspection verification， P. suffruticosa planting area was obtained， and the investigation results were analyzed. RESULTS： Through remote sensing interpretation of the planting area of P. suffruticosa in Shicheng county， it was obtained that the total planting area of P. suffruticosa in Shicheng county was 42 597 951.505 square meters （63 864.995 mu） in 2018， accounting for about 33％ of the cultivated land area， which was 42.12％ higher than the conventional planting area of 44 936 mu in 2013. The distribution of P. suffruticosa planting in Shicheng county was mainly concentrated in Xiaosong town and Fengshan town in the north， and Daqu town and Pingshan town in the south. CONCLUSIONS： Remote sensing technology has the advantages of fast data acquisition， large amount of information， high accuracy and strong timeliness， which greatly avoids the complexity of work， saves a lot of manpower and material resources. The technology can provide technology support for obtaining the regional planting area and distribution information of TCM such as P. suffruticosa， dynamic monitoring， scientific warning of the market status of TCM， and guiding the large-scale， standardized and intensive development of TCM cultivation.
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Objective To investigate the effects of necrostatin-1 (Nec-1) on the liver of rats with trauma induced hemorrhagic shock.Methods Trauma induced hemorrhagic shock model was produced by adopting the left femur,tibia fracture and soft tissue injury,bleeding and reperfusion in male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats.A total of 22 rats were divided into model group and Nec-1 group with 11 rats in each group by randomized digital number method and the 72-hour mortality was observed.In addition,72 rats were randomly divided into sham group,model group,Nec-1 group with 24 rats in each group.Rats in sham group were only received anesthesia,separating and ligating blood vessels,without trauma induced hemorrhagic and reperfusion,and the rats in Nec-1 group were received 1 mg/kg Nec-1 through femoral vein 5 minutes before reperfusion,while the rats in model group were received the same amount of solvent.The serum and liver tissues of each group were collected at 2,4,8 hours after reperfusion.Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were detected by automatic biochemistry analyzer.The pathology changes in liver were observed by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining.The mRNA expressions of tumor necrosis factor-oα (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in the liver were detcrmined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).The protein expressions of receptor interaction of protease 1/3 (RIP1/RIP3) were also assessed by Western Blot analysis.Results Compared with model group,Nec-1 significantly reduced the 72-hour mortality [18.18％ (2/11) vs.63.64％ (7/11),P=0.040].Two hours after trauma induced hemorrhagic shock and reperfusion,the expressions of ALT and AST in model group were significantly increased compared with those in sham group [ALT (U/L):110.21 ±22.32 vs.80.98 ± 19.94,AST (U/L):364.29 ±64.83 vs.279.76 ±70.64,both P＜0.05],and reached the peak at 8 hours [ALT (U/L):387.41 ± 47.11 vs.82.76 ± 22.44,AST (U/L):973.35 ± 77.51 vs.261.49 ±52.03,both P＜0.01].Levels of serum ALT and AST in Nec-1 group were significantly decreased compared with model group [ALT (U/L) 4 hours:144.64± 33.79 vs.213.96± 36.21,8 hours:159.48 ± 43.57 vs.387.41 ± 47.11; AST (U/L) 4 hours:398.78 ± 59.48 vs.630.61 ± 59.93,8 hours:427.38 ± 80.75 vs.973.35 ± 77.51,all P＜0.01].Under light microscopy,it was noted that the hepatic sinus expansion,liver cells degeneration,necrosis,as well as infiltration of abundant inflammatory cells were observed.But the pathology changes in hepatic tissues were significantly mitigated in Nec-1 group.Along with the time extension,the mRNA expressions of TNF-α and IL-1β and the protein expressions of RIP1 and RIP3 were markedly up-regulated.Compared with model group,difference in the mRNA expressions of TNF-α and IL-1β in hepatic tissues in Nec-1 group were statistically significant,and the most obvious difference was at 8 hours [TNF-α mRNA:1.457 ± 0.081 vs.2.317 ± 0.062,IL-1β mRNA:0.690 ± 0.087 vs.1.812 ± 0.112,both P＜0.01].But there was no statistically significant difference in RIP1 and RIP3 between Nec-1 group and model group [RIP1 protein 8 hours:0.561 ± 0.033 vs.0.587 ± 0.036,RIP3 protein 8 hours:0.976 ± 0.040 vs.1.044 ± 0.115,both P＞0.05].Conclusion Nec-1 may be remarkable protect effect on the liver of rats with trauma induced hemorrhage shock and reperfusion,and the intrinsic mechanisms need further investigation.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To develop an HPLC method for determination of scandoside methyl ester in Hedyotis chrysotricha.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The determination was carried out on an HC-C18 column elnted with acetonitrile-water (7:93) as mobile phase, and the detection wavelength was set at 238 nm.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>There is a good linearity in the range 22.08-552 mg L(-1) of scandoside methyl ester and the average recovery is 97.7% (n = 6), RSD 0.72%.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>This method is convenient, quick, and is applicable to the quality control of H. chrysotricha.</p>
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Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Methods , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Esters , Hedyotis , ChemistryABSTRACT
Objective:To observe the resistance of hypericum japonicum Thunb.to helicobacter pylori.Methods:Liquid dilution method was used to culture mixture of hypericum japonicum Thunb.extractum and helicobacter pylori,hypericum japonicum Thunb.extraction and helicobacter pylori respectively.The minimum inhibitory concentration and minimal bactericidal concentration of hypericum japonicum Thunb.extractum and extraction were determined by comparing the growth condition of helicobacter pylori.Results:Both of hypericum japonicum Thunb.extractum and extraction had obvious resistant effect on helicobacter pylori.Conclusion:25 mg/ml hypericum japonicum Thunb.extractum and 6.25 mg crude drug/ml hypericum japonicum Thunb.extraction can suppress the growth of helicobacter pylori effectively.
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OBJECTIVE:To establish the quality standard of Gongyanping dispersible tablets.METHODS:Melastoma dodecandrum,Zanthoxylum nitidum and Ficus simplicissima in the formulation was identified by TLC,and the content of gallic acid in gongyanping dispersible tablets was determined by HPLC.RESULTS:The TLC spots were clear,well-isolated and distinctive.The linear range of gallic acid was 0.146 48～2.929 6 ?g(r=0.999 7)and its average recovery was 99.89%(RSD=2.53%,n=6).CONCLUSION:The established quality standard can be used for the quality control of Gongyanping dispersible tablets.
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Three different procedures of Guipi Oral Liquid have been studied. By comparison of TLC spots of n-buranol and n-hexane extracts from the sample and the UV absorption spectrum of the main component, ferulic acid, the rational production process was developed, which provides an experimental base for preparation improvement.